The current prospective study, published in the European Journal of Nutrition, explores the association of vitamin D and K concentrations with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality and cardiovascular events in the general population. In the general population, simultaneous low vitamin D and K status has previously been shown to be associated with arterial stiffness - thickening and stiffening of the artery wall and is related to high blood pressure or hypertension. The role of combined vitamin D and K status has mostly been investigated in studies on subclinical outcomes or in specific disease populations. Vitamin K - found naturally in green leafy vegetables, fermented dairy products, and egg yolks - is required for activation of certain proteins which inhibit calcification in the vascular system, therefore reducing risk of coronary heart disease and mortality. The gut-brain axis: Psychobiotic opportunity in 25 countries.Uncovering white spaces – Probiotics for a smooth menopause transition.

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